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DYEL

Progress

The idea that human conditions — knowledge, ethics, material wellbeing, freedom — can be cumulatively improved over time through reason, science, and the deliberate solving of problems. Its defenders treat new technologies and institutions as openings that create fresh problems alongside fresh capabilities, with the right response being to work through the new problems rather than to retreat. Its critics — Luddites in the original technology-smashing sense, and a wider lineage of romantics and declinists — argue that each apparent gain ushers in unseen losses, and that some traditions, intuitions, or ways of life are worth more than the conveniences that displace them. The debate over progress recurs whenever a new cognitive tool — writing, the printing press, Google, generative AI — promises to remake how humans think.

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