Anarchism
The political philosophy that holds all coercive hierarchy — the state, but in most strands also capital, organised religion, and patriarchy — to be illegitimate, and seeks to replace it with voluntary association and mutual aid. The tradition runs from Proudhon and Bakunin in the 19th century through Kropotkin, Emma Goldman, and the anarcho-syndicalists of the Spanish Civil War, and continues to inform left-libertarian and post-left thought today. Standard objections include the free-rider problem, the question of how disputes are resolved without courts, and whether large-scale coordination (famine relief, infrastructure, defence) can really run on social sanction and goodwill alone. Le Guin's Anarres in The Dispossessed is the most thorough fictional rendering of anarcho-syndicalism in serious literature.