The Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde
1886
Gothic novella
A short gothic novella about the upstanding Dr Jekyll, who concocts a potion that allows him to transform into the violent, depraved Mr Hyde and indulge his hidden appetites without consequence to his social standing. The arrangement breaks down as Hyde grows in strength and begins seizing control involuntarily. The book gave English the phrase "Jekyll and Hyde" as shorthand for split personality.