Samuel Beckett

Irish · 1906–1989

Irish novelist, playwright, and poet who wrote in both English and French. A pioneer of absurdist and modernist theatre, Beckett spent most of his adult life in Paris, where he briefly worked as a research assistant to James Joyce. After decades of obscurity, his 1953 play En Attendant Godot (Waiting for Godot) made him famous in his late forties and reshaped twentieth-century drama. His later works — including Endgame, Krapp's Last Tape, and the novel trilogy Molloy, Malone Dies, and The Unnamable — pushed toward ever sparer, more elliptical language. He won the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1969 and remained notoriously protective of his texts, suing to prevent unauthorised stagings.

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